Is the NFPA 70 incorporated by referenced in the OSHA Standard for General Industry 1910 or is it just referenced the same as NFPA 70E?

Parts of the 1976 edition of NFPA 70 are specifically referenced by MSHA but not OSHA, although MSHA has acknowledged that newer editions are no less safe than the 1976 edition. Neither standard is specifically referenced in any OSHA regulation as such. NFPA 70 does reference NFPA 70E in a fine print note for arc flash label requirements. Both fall under general duty clause requirements.

HOWEVER, all 50 states specifically require at least some edition of NFPA 70. All 50 states also have a list of exemptions...they do not approve NFPA 70 without "tweaking" it, usually downgrading it or exempting for instance public schools in New Jersey.

Also, NFPA 70 is exempted in a variety of jurisdictions that are listed in NFPA 70 such as mines. That does not mean that it does not get used however as a consensus safety standard, just that it doesn't have regulatory power. As such, the Authority Having Jurisdiction is typically actually the organization using it as a standard rather than the state/county code offices. This is true in maritime, FAA, mining, and railroad jurisdictions. There are others and they are all listed in the Scope of NFPA 70 but again, be aware that just because it is outside the jurisdiction does not mean that it doesn't apply as a consensus safety standard.

In similar fashion but more directly, NFPA 70E is not required by any regulation in the U.S. But it is a recognized consensus safety standard and enforcement actions can and have used it for guidance. A particular company could for instance adopt the equivalent standards from IEEE C2 (aka NESC) and use it with almost equal effect. The major differences here are regulatory differences. NESC pertains to distribution equipment. There is no "energized work permit" procedure. OSHA Subchapter S requires an energized work permit procedure, so implementing NESC would run afoul of this in a utilization system (not a utility). Similarly, using 70E for utilities enforces an energied work permit stanard where most of the equpment is designed for energized work.

OSHA did cite NFPA 70E 2000 Part 2 which was the wiring requirements but did not adopt the PPE requirements. Those wiring requiremnts have sence been removed from NFPA 70E but Paul has it right that every state requires some level of NFPA 70 with exemptions. Most larger companies use NEC/NESC for wiring in their respective areas and adopt the safety portions that make sense to avoid liability. The NEW OSHA 1910.269 supercedes NESC by requiring face protection but otherwise you can get the same results from applying either NESC or NFPA 70E. NESC does not require face protection or had protection but OSHA and NFPA 70E do.

Small difference in 70E vs. NESC where EEWP is mandatory under 70E but does not exist in NESC. This is also true in OSHA regulations. 1910.269 does not require EEWP but subchapter S does. 1910.269 regulation is much more flexible with LOTO than subchapter S, and 70E essentially is a variant of subchapter S for LOTO. I could go on but suffice to say each code and regulation has a place...no one-sided fits pall exists.

I'm sorry, I missed where Face shields are required in 1910.269 (unless we are talking about over 13cal single phase or 9cal for other exposures), can you please tell me what you are referencing?